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Materials to Make or Build Miniatures and Miniature Displays

By Lesley Shepherd, About.com

This list of materials used to make, build, display and repair miniatures, with information on their uses, weaknesses and strengths will help you grow a better collection. The materials in this list have handling, safety, and conservation information included with the descriptions of how they are used to make miniatures or displays. This is useful regardless of whether you are a collector or a builder. If your miniatures contain epoxy resin, you need to know how to care for and store items made from it. If you are thinking of buying a miniature display, you should know what future repairs or conservation may entail.

Acrylic Mediums - Additives that Create Texture

various acrylic mediums added to paint to show the effects of each mediumPhoto ©2007 Lesley Shepherd, Licensed to About.com Inc.

Often the answer to how to create a particular effect is as close as your art store. Instead of struggling with polymer clay or epoxy resin, try tar gel medium to create the effect of syrups and water splashes with paint. Tire tracks in scenes can be made in heavy acrylic mediums, and many of them can be used much easier than the hobbyist's old standby, silicone caulk, with more stability. This document describes various mediums and their uses for a miniaturist.

Acrylic Paints - When to Use Them

Tubes, jars and squeeze bottles of acrylic paintPhoto ©2007 Lesley Shepherd, Licensed to About.com Inc.
Acrylic paints are widely available in craft stores and very easy to use, but are they always the best paint to use for miniatures? Are there differences between craft, student, and artist quality acrylic paints? What should you consider before you choose acrylic paint for a particular project.

Creative Paperclay®

Faux stone wall for a dollhouse made from Creative PaperclayPhoto ©2007 Lesley Shepherd, Licensed to About.com Inc.

Creative Paperclay® is a useful medium for creating miniature plaster, stucco, pargetting, stone tiles, tiled floors and walls, landscaping rock and stone effects, or small three dimensional miniatures or sculptures. With handling properties very similar to fine clay, this is a safe, easy way to create strong lightweight miniatures which need no curing, other than a protective coat of sealant.

Epoxy Resin to Simulate Water and Liquids

Miniature drinks and tadpoles in a jar made using epoxy resinPhoto ©2007 Lesley Shepherd, Licensed to About.com Inc.

Epoxy resin is really a heavy varnish, used most often to gloss coat wood surfaces. It doesn't deserve nearly the reputation of difficulty most miniaturists seem to award it. Measure carefully, mix properly, and you can simulate all kinds of water and liquids provided you limit the depth of the finish you pour.

Two Part Epoxy Putty to Modify and Repair Miniatures

Epoxy putty cowboy boots on cast resin 1:12 scale doll legs.Photo ©2008 Lesley Shepherd, Licensed to About.com Inc.

Two part epoxy putty is a material often used to modify and repair miniatures made of plastic, resin, wood, tile, brick, metal and stone. Available in different colors and grains, the two part putty must be mixed (usually 1 to 1) and has a working time that varies from brand to brand. The putty can be smoothed and cleaned up using water before it hardens. After it hardens it can be sanded, machined, sawed and painted. Gaming miniaturists often use epoxy putty to create new master sculptures for later casting in metal, resin or plastic. Model horse enthusiasts and dolls house miniaturists may use it to change the pose or shape of cast resin sculpts.

Should You Use MDF or Baltic Birch Plywood to Build Dolls Houses or Miniatures

medium density fiberboard beside baltic birch plywoodPhoto ©2007 Lesley Shepherd, Licensed to About.com Inc.
Dolls houses and other miniature scale buildings often come as kits or completed structures made from MDF (medium density fiberboard) or Baltic Birch plywood. There are pros and cons to each material which are discussed here. Both materials give off some gasses, so they should never be left unfinished. Plywood structures are lighter and can be built to be dismantled or added on to at a later date. The decision of which to use is personal, but this article gives you some of the pros and cons of each material.

Luan/Lauan Plywood for Miniature Buildings and Dolls' Houses

Luan/Lauan Plywood is often the material used for less expensive dollhouse kits. It is an easily worked material, but requires more finishing work than some other choices. In kits this plywood is often die cut and assembled using tab and slot construction methods rather than nails or screws.

Gatorfoam / Gator Board for Building

Cutting gatorfoam board with a power jigsawPhoto ©2007 Lesley Shepherd, Licensed to About.com Inc.

This material is used mostly for indoor and outdoor display support for photo's and posters. It makes a great building material for miniaturist's, but it isn't the same as the more commonly available foam core board. You are best using fine tooth power tools to cut it, but it's light weight, ease of building and smooth, water resistant surface, makes it ideal for many miniature applications.

Book Board, Davey Board or Binder's Board for Boxes and Shelves

Pieces of book binding board cut ready to make a 1:12 scale dolls house room box.Photo ©2008 Lesley Shepherd, Licensed to About.com Inc.

Book binders and conservators use this sturdy, dense paper board to make boxes. It is inexpensive, acid neutral and easy to work with. It is often used to make miniature furniture based on box shapes - bookshelves, store counters, chests of drawers, stoves, and fridges. It also is good for simple room boxes or display boxes, especially if you need them to sit on a shelf or slip behind a glass frame.

Laminate several pieces together if you want a very stiff construction.

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Paper Miniatures and Dollhouse Printables

American themed paper plates in 1:12 scale.Photo ©2007 Lesley Shepherd, Licensed to About.com Inc.
A long tradition of workmanship can also be found in the use of printed miniatures. Computer printers make it easy to use paper and film construction for all kinds of miniature items from paper plates to faux stained glass, buildings, tiny planes and scale cars are part of this tradition as well.

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